When I was in India, I renewed my passport when there was about one year left on it. So I don't think there should be a problem. You could apply in Feb, and get the renewal within a week and then apply for US visa.
Can you please tell me wat are the documents you attached when you renewed your Indian passport in India ? I cannot find anywhere --what r the documents to be attached for permanent resident when you renew your indian passport in India .-------------thanks and regards